While corn and soybeans dominate the landscape, it is easy to overlook the small, yet active logging industry found across the Midwest. Iowa alone has 2.1 million acres of woodlands, where local loggers harvest common species ranging from oak and walnut along the Mississippi River to maple and cottonwood in the state’s interior. Logging as a niche market in the larger agriculture industry generates a $5 billion impact on Iowa’s economy. This can be a valuable alternative source of revenue for landowners while diversifying income streams and maximizing the potential of their land.

Land not suitable for a cash crop or pasture is often written off as undesirable. Or best-case scenario, it gets labeled as recreational ground and value is derived from the enjoyment of spending time outdoors. With careful management and an eye towards the future, that doesn’t have to be the case. If the right tree species are present in sufficient volume, those trees can be harvested responsibly and sustainably to produce income, and not cause any degradation to the property. In many cases clearing old growth can rejuvenate a stand, creating room for young, vibrant trees to reach their full potential.

The amount of revenue that can be generated is determined on a case-by-case basis. It depends on the species of trees present, the size and quality of the trees, and of course, the number of trees present. The lumber markets, like other commodity markets, are always changing. At present, grade lumber quality walnut is worth around $2.70 per board foot. Exceptionally high quality, veneer grade walnut could bring as much as $7.00 per board foot. Less valuable species like silver maple can still bring around $0.25 per board foot.

Most Midwest landowners have relatively little exposure to the lumber industry, so trying to navigate a timber sale can seem like a daunting task. Fortunately, there are a lot of resources available and skilled industry professionals that can ensure the transaction goes smoothly and is done with sustainability in mind. The following is a quick step-by-step guide to help break down the process:

1. Start with the county NRCS Office: Discuss harvest plans to ensure that the area of interest is not a wetland or other environmentally sensitive area requiring special consideration. The NRCS will likely refer landowners to the District Forester for the next steps.

2. Meet the District Forester: They’ll assess the property and offer feedback on the timber’s health and conservation needs.

3. Evaluate Timber Value: If there’s enough valuable timber, the District Forester can refer landowners to a reputable private forester who can set a value, select a logger, and manage the sale. If there is not enough valuable timber, the District Forester can help with improvement projects funded by programs like the Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP).

4. Engage a Private Forester: They’ll help select trees to log, estimate value, and handle sale logistics—whether negotiating with a single logger or taking bids for larger projects. A well-defined contract, covering species, quantity, payment terms, timing, and clean-up responsibilities, is key.

5. After the Harvest: Post-logging, managing the land is critical. Left alone, undesirable or invasive species could take over. The District Forester and CSP can help landowners plan for long-term forest health, which may support another harvest in 20 years and create a legacy income stream for future generations.

With the right approach, even non-farmland can be an asset, contributing to income while enhancing the land’s natural appeal and health. If you are interested in more information or would like to connect with a Peoples Company Land Manager, please visit PeoplesCompany.com or email LandManagement@PeoplesCompany.com.